Fear and anxiety share same bases in brain
Fear and anxiety share same bases in brain
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A recent report provides new evidence that fear and anxiety reflect overlapping brain circuits. The findings run counter to popular scientific accounts, highlighting the need for a major theoretical reckoning.
Astrophysics team lights the way for more accurate model of the universe
Astrophysics team lights the way for more accurate model of the universe
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Scientists demonstrated the first use of a method called self-calibration to remove contamination from gravitational lensing signals. The results should lead to more accurate cosmological models of the universe.
Glimpse deep into Earth's crust finds heat source that may stabilize continents
Glimpse deep into Earth's crust finds heat source that may stabilize continents
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Rocks from the Rio Grande continental rift have provided a rare snapshot of active geology deep inside Earth's crust, revealing new evidence for how continents remain stable over billions of years, according to a team of scientists.
Immune protein orchestrates daily rhythm of squid-bacteria symbiotic relationship
Immune protein orchestrates daily rhythm of squid-bacteria symbiotic relationship
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New research has revealed that, in the mutually beneficial relationship between with the Hawaiian bobtail squid and the luminescent bacterium, Vibrio fischeri, an immune protein called 'macrophage migration inhibitory factor' is the maestro of daily rhythms.
Management of a popular game fish, the smallmouth bass
Management of a popular game fish, the smallmouth bass
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For recreational fishing enthusiasts, the thrill of snagging their next catch comes with discovering what's hooked on the end of the line. In many freshwater streams and rivers -- across the central and eastern parts of the U.S. -- anglers are often catching
Restoration of retinal and visual function following gene therapy
Restoration of retinal and visual function following gene therapy
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A breakthrough study results in the restoration of retinal and visual functions of mice models suffering from inherited retinal disease.
Scientists find medieval plague outbreaks picked up speed over 300 years
Scientists find medieval plague outbreaks picked up speed over 300 years
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Researchers who analyzed thousands of documents covering a 300-year span of plague outbreaks in London, England, have estimated that the disease spread four times faster in the 17th century than it had in the 14th century.
Scientists map the human proteome
Scientists map the human proteome
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Twenty years after the release of the human genome, the genetic 'blueprint' of human life, an international research team has now mapped the first draft sequence of the human proteome.
Research network aims to improve learning outcomes for students underrepresented in STEM
Research network aims to improve learning outcomes for students underrepresented in STEM
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A recent report lays out gaps in the biology education field and proposes leveraging an existing research coordination network called Equity and Diversity in Undergraduate STEM (EDU-STEM) to tackle them.
A new approach to artificial intelligence that builds in uncertainty
A new approach to artificial intelligence that builds in uncertainty
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Artificial intelligence isn't perfect. In fact, it's only as good as the methods and data built into it. Researchers have detailed a new approach to artificial intelligence that builds uncertainty, error, physical laws, expert knowledge and missing data into
Biochar helps hold water, saves money
Biochar helps hold water, saves money
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Biochar's benefits for long-term storage of carbon and nitrogen on American farms are clear, but new research shows it can help farmers save money on irrigation as well.
An ultrasonic projector for medicine
An ultrasonic projector for medicine
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A chip-based technology that modulates intensive sound pressure profiles with high resolution opens up new possibilities for ultrasound therapy.
Oldest securely dated evidence for a river flowing through the Thar Desert, Western India
Oldest securely dated evidence for a river flowing through the Thar Desert, Western India
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Using luminescence dating of ancient river sediments, a new study presents evidence for river activity at Nal Quarry in the central Thar Desert starting from approx. 173 thousand years ago. These findings represent the oldest directly dated phase of river act
Driver of the largest mass extinction in the history of the Earth identified
Driver of the largest mass extinction in the history of the Earth identified
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252 million years ago, at the transition from the Permian to the Triassic epoch, most of the life forms existing on Earth became extinct. Using latest analytical methods and detailed model calculations, scientists have now succeeded for the first time to prov
Light pollution alters predator-prey interactions between cougars and mule deer in western US
Light pollution alters predator-prey interactions between cougars and mule deer in western US
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A new study provides strong evidence that exposure to light pollution alters predator-prey dynamics between mule deer and cougars across the intermountain West, a rapidly growing region where nighttime skyglow is an increasing environmental disturbance.
Prebiotic chemistry: In the beginning, there was sugar
Prebiotic chemistry: In the beginning, there was sugar
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Organic molecules formed the basis for the evolution of life. But how could inorganic precursors have given rise to them? Chemists now reports a reaction pathway in which minerals catalyze the formation of sugars in the absence of water.
A first-of-its-kind catalyst mimics natural processes to break down plastics
A first-of-its-kind catalyst mimics natural processes to break down plastics
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A team of scientists has developed a first-of-its-kind catalyst that is able to process polyolefin plastics, types of polymers widely used in things like plastic grocery bags, milk jugs, shampoo bottles, toys, and food containers.
High social and ecological standards for chocolate
High social and ecological standards for chocolate
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Worldwide demand for food from the tropics that meets higher environmental and social standards has risen sharply in recent years. Consumers often have to make ethically questionable decisions: products may be available through child labor, starvation wages o
AI methods of analyzing social networks find new cell types in tissue
AI methods of analyzing social networks find new cell types in tissue
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In situ sequencing enables gene activity inside body tissues to be depicted in microscope images. To facilitate interpretation of the vast quantities of information generated. Researchers have now developed an entirely new method of image analysis. Based on a
The Milky Way galaxy has a clumpy halo
The Milky Way galaxy has a clumpy halo
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Astronomers at the University of Iowa have determined our galaxy is surrounded by a clumpy halo of hot gases that is continually being supplied with material ejected by birthing or dying stars. The halo also may be where matter unaccounted for since the birt
Lullabies in any language relax babies
Lullabies in any language relax babies
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Researchers have determined that American infants relaxed when played lullabies that were unfamiliar and in a foreign language. The new findings supported the latter hypothesis: infants responded to universal elements of songs, despite the unfamiliarity of th
Paper recycling must be powered by renewables to save climate
Paper recycling must be powered by renewables to save climate
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The study found that greenhouse gas emissions would increase by 2050 if we recycled more paper, as current methods rely on fossil fuels and electricity from the grid.
Natural killer cells also have a memory function
Natural killer cells also have a memory function
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Good news for the human immune system: researchers have managed to ascribe an immunological memory function to a subset of cytotoxic NK cells, which have hitherto been regarded as antigen-non-specific.
Research could lead to customized cochlear implants
Research could lead to customized cochlear implants
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Researcher have analyzed the accuracy of predictions for cochlear implant outcomes, with a view to further improve their performance in noisy environments.
The 'goldilocks day': The perfect day for kids' bone health
The 'goldilocks day': The perfect day for kids' bone health
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Not too little, not too much - Goldilocks' 'just right' approach can now assess children's daily activities as new research confirms the best make up of a child's day to maximize bone health and function in children.
What lies between grey and white in the brain
What lies between grey and white in the brain
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A multidisciplinary team has succeeded in making the superficial white matter visible in the living human brain.
Neurons in a visual brain area of zebrafish are arranged as a map for catching prey
Neurons in a visual brain area of zebrafish are arranged as a map for catching prey
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Spotting, pursuing and catching prey - for many animals this is an essential task for survival. Scientists now show in zebrafish that the localization of neurons in the midbrain is adapted to a successful hunting sequence.
Odors as navigational cues for pigeons
Odors as navigational cues for pigeons
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Volatile organic compounds identified that can be used for olfactory navigation by homing pigeons.
How cancer cells escape crowded tumors
How cancer cells escape crowded tumors
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When trapped in a crowded environment, cells of the human body try to escape. Scientists now discovered that it is the cell nucleus, which triggers the 'evasion reflex'. This reflex is activated once cell compression exceeds the size of the nucleus. This unex
Quantum engines with entanglement as fuel?
Quantum engines with entanglement as fuel?
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It's still more science fiction than science fact, but perfect energy efficiency may be one step closer due to new research by physicists.
Changes in blood metabolite profile are visible years before diagnosis of alcohol-related disease
Changes in blood metabolite profile are visible years before diagnosis of alcohol-related disease
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A new study has shown that the serum metabolite profile can be used to identify individuals likely at risk of developing an alcohol-related disease in the future. The finding also opens up new avenues for preventing alcohol-related adverse effects.
Big babies could be at higher risk of common heart rhythm disorder in adulthood
Big babies could be at higher risk of common heart rhythm disorder in adulthood
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Elevated birth weight is linked with developing atrial fibrillation later in life, according to new research.
Losing flight had huge benefits for ants
Losing flight had huge benefits for ants
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Researchers have taken detailed scans of worker ants to examine the hypothesis that the loss of flight is directly connected to the evolution of strength.
Tapping secrets of Aussie spider's unique silk
Tapping secrets of Aussie spider's unique silk
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The basket-web spider, which is found only in Australia, has revealed it not only weaves a unique lobster pot web but that its silk has elasticity and a gluing substance, that creates a high degree of robustness.
Mystery over decline in sea turtle sightings
Mystery over decline in sea turtle sightings
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The number of sea turtles spotted along the coasts of the UK and Ireland has declined in recent years, researchers say.
Molecular design strategy reveals near infrared-absorbing hydrocarbon
Molecular design strategy reveals near infrared-absorbing hydrocarbon
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The lessons learned from a near infrared absorbing, bowl-shaped molecule made only from hydrogen and carbon atoms offers insights for future organic conductors.
'Classified knots': Researchers create optical framed knots to encode information
'Classified knots': Researchers create optical framed knots to encode information
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Researchers have been able to create optical framed knots in the laboratory that could potentially be applied in modern technologies. Their work opens the door to new methods of distributing secret cryptographic keys - used to encrypt and decrypt data, ensur
Those funky cheese smells allow microbes to 'talk' to and feed each other
Those funky cheese smells allow microbes to 'talk' to and feed each other
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Researchers found that bacteria essential to ripening cheese can sense and respond to compounds produced by fungi in the rind and released into the air, enhancing the growth of some species of bacteria over others. The make-up of the cheese microbiome is crit
Viral 'molecular scissor' is next COVID-19 drug target
Viral 'molecular scissor' is next COVID-19 drug target
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Inhibiting the SARS-CoV-2-PLpro enzyme is a novel avenue to explore in rational design of COVID-19 drugs, according to new research.
Internet connectivity is oxygen for research and development work
Internet connectivity is oxygen for research and development work
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Fast and reliable internet access is fundamental for research and development activity around the world. Seamless connectivity is a privilege we often take for granted. But in developing nations, technological limitations can become stumbling blocks to effici
